The Penn World Table (PWT) provides relative levels of income, output, input and productivity, with the most recent version (PWT 10.01) covering 183 countries for the period 1950-2019. Its expenditure entries are denominated in a common set of prices in a common currency so that real quantity comparisons can be made, both between countries and over time. It also provides information about relative prices within and between countries, as well as demographic data and capital stock estimates.
Since the regionalization of the United Nations International Comparison Programme (ICP) beginning with the 1980 benchmark, Robert Summers and Alan Heston at the Center for International Comparisons of Production, Income and Prices at the University of Pennsylvania have been using ICP benchmark comparisons as a basis for estimating PPPs (purchasing power parities) for non-benchmark countries and extrapolations backward and forward in time. As of PWT 8.0, the PWT are hosted at the Groningen Growth and Development Centre within the Economics Department of the University of Groningen
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Clink on the links below to view sample DataSheets created in Data Planet Statistical Datasets that provide statistical abstracts complete with infographics of indicators included in the Penn World Table datasets. From the infographic, you can also enter Data Planet to further manipulate the data and explore relationships between these metrics and other indicators in the vast Data Planet repository.
These datasets are just a sampling from Penn World Table 10.01 to give you an idea of the granularity of the available data. Statistics provide evidence of cross-national patterns of social and economic development.
Expenditure-Side Real GDP at Chained PPPs - Shows expenditure-based real gross domestic product (GDP) in millions of 2017 U.S. dollars at chained purchasing power parity (PPP) rates for Argentina, Brazil, and Chile. Expenditure-side real GDP allows comparison of relative living standards across countries and over time.
Output-Side Real GDP at Chained PPPs - Reports expenditure-based real gross domestic product (GDP) in millions of 2017 U.S. dollars at chained purchasing power parity (PPP) rates. Output-side real GDP allows comparison of productive capacity across countries and over time.
Population - Reports population data by country from the World Bank and United Nations sources. Real GDP variables in the Penn World Tables are presented in (millions) of U.S. dollars. The population variable can be used to convert GDP into per-capita terms when relevant.
Number of Persons Engaged - Person engaged is defined in the Penn World Table (PWT) to include all persons aged 15 years and over, who performed work during the reference week, even just for one hour a week, or were not at work but had a job or business from which they were temporarily absent. The chart shows the trend in counts of persons engaged in five European nations
Average Annual Hours Worked by Persons Engaged - Reports average annual hours worked by persons engaged for the same five European nations.
Expenditure-Side Real GDP at Current PPPs - Reports expenditure-based real gross domestic product (GDP) at current purchasing power parity (PPP) rates in terms of the prices in that period (ie, current prices). Expenditure-side real GDP allows comparison of relative living standards across countries and over time.
Output-Side Real GDP at Current PPPs - Reports output-based real gross domestic product (GDP) at current purchasing power parity (PPP) rates in terms of the prices in that period (ie, current prices). Output-side real GDP allows comparison of productive capacity across countries and over time.
Capital Stock at Current PPPs - Reports capital stock levels in terms of the prices in that period (ie, current prices).
Capital Stock at Constant 2017 National Prices - Compares capital stock levels in terms of constant (2017) prices for 10 nations in 2019.
TFP Level at Current PPPs (US=1) Tracks total factor productivity (TFP) levels at constant purchasing power parity (PPP) rates for Bahrain, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia, relative to the US in terms of the prices in that period (ie, current prices). TFP is the portion of output not explained by the amount of inputs used in production.
TFP at Constant National Prices (2017=1) - Reports total factor productivity (TFP) levels at constant prices against the reference year, 2011. TFP is the portion of output not explained by the amount of inputs used in production.
Real GDP at Constant 2017 National Prices - Reports real gross domestic product (GDP) at constant (2011) national prices for South Africa and Nigeria. Real GDP in the Penn World Table means GDP converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity (PPP) rates.
Share of Labour Compensation in GDP at Current National Prices - Compares the share represented by labor income in gross domestic product in terms of the prices in that period (ie, current prices) for Belarus, Lithuania, and Latvia.
Price Level of CDGPo (PPP/XR), Price Level of US GDPo in 2017=1 - Shows the price level of output-based real gross domestic product per capita (CGDPo) at current purchasing power parity (PPP) rates for Malaysia, Singapore, and the Philippines, defined relative to the US in 2017. Expenditure-side real GDP Output-side real GDP allows comparison of productive capacity across countries and over time.
Correlation between Expenditure Shares of the Country and the US - Shows the correlation between expenditure shares in each country and the US for all benchmark observations.
Statistical Capacity Indicator - Provides an index of the statistical capacity of nation based on a scale of 0-100, with 0=weak statistical capacity and 100=high statistical capacity. Statistical capacity is the ability of countries to meet user needs for good quality statistics, typically those statistics that are consider to be “official” (ie, those statistics produced by governments as a public good). The measure is sourced from the World Bank.
Share of Household Consumption at Current PPPs - Compares the share of output-based real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita that is represented by household consumption across five Caribbean nations. GDP is converted using current purchasing power parities (PPPs). Output-side real GDP allows comparison of productive capacity across countries and over time.
Share of Gross Capital Formation at Current PPPs - Compares the share of output-based real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in Brazzavillle vs Kinshasa that is represented by capital formation (investment), at current purchasing power parities (PPPs). Output-side real GDP allows comparison of productive capacity across countries and over time.
Share of Government Consumption at Current PPPs - Compares the share of output-based real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita that is represented by government consumption, at current purchasing power parities (PPPs), for the United States, Russia, and China. Output-side real GDP allows comparison of productive capacity across countries and over time.
Share of Merchandise Exports at Current PPPs - Reports the share of output-based real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita that is represented by merchandise exports, at current purchasing power parities (PPPs), for India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. Output-side real GDP allows comparison of productive capacity across countries and over time.
Share of Merchandise Imports at Current PPPs - Reports the share of output-based real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita that is represented by residuals and statistical discrepancies, at current purchasing power parities (PPPs), for India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. Output-side real GDP allows comparison of productive capacity across countries and over time. Residuals include trade, eg, trade in services. Statistical discrepancy is included to ensure that expenditure-side accounting adds up to GDP in the national accounts data.
Price Level of Government vs Household Consumption, Price Level of US GDPO in 2017=1 - Shows the price level of the share of output-based gross domestic product (GDP) that is represented by government vs household consumption in Vietnam, relative to the price level of output-based GDP in the US, where 2011=1. Output-side real GDP allows comparison of productive capacity across countries and over time.
Price Level of Exports vs Imports, Price Level of US GDPO in 2017=1 - Shows the price level of the share of output-based gross domestic product (GDP) that is represented by exports vs Imports in Thailand, relative to the price level of output-based GDP in the US, where 2011=1. Output-side real GDP allows comparison of productive capacity across countries and over time.